"Who invented the computer?" is not a question with a simple answer. The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of computers and that a computer is a complex piece of machinery made up of many parts, each of which can be considered a separate invention. This series covers many of the major milestones in computer history (but not all of them) with a concentration on the history of personal home computers. A device for processing, storing, and displaying information.
Computer once meant a person who did computations, but now the term almost universally refers to automated electronic machinery. The first section of this article focuses on modern digital electronic computers and their design, constituent parts, and applications. The second section covers the history of computing. The first computers were used primarily for numerical calculations. However, as any information can be numerically encoded, people soon realized that computers are capable of general-purpose information processing. Their capacity to handle large amounts of data has extended the range and accuracy of weather forecasting. Their speed has allowed them to make decisions about routing telephone connections through a network and to control mechanical systems such as automobiles, nuclear reactors, and robotic surgical tools. They are also cheap enough to be embedded in everyday appliances and to make clothes dryers and rice cookers “smart.” Computers have allowed us to pose and answer questions that could not be pursued before. These questions might be about DNA sequences in genes, patterns of activity in a consumer market, or all the uses of a word in texts that have been stored in a database.
Computer Topology
Topology describes the structure of a network or how a network is designed. This pattern is closely associated with the access methods and delivery media are used. Topology that is dependent on the geographical location of each terminal, the quality control is needed in communication or messaging, as well as the speed of data transmission. In the definition of topology is divided into two, namely the physical topology (physical topology), which indicates the position of the physical cabling and logical topology (logical topology) which shows how a medium accessible by the host.The physical topology is commonly used in building such a network are:
1. STAR Network
2. RING Network
3. TREE Network
4. BUS Network
5. Combined Network
The Basic Of Programming
Basic Pascal ProgramElements of Programminga. Getting the data by reading data from the default input (key board, files or other data sources).b. Storing data into memory with the appropriate data structures,c. Process data with precise instructions.d. Presenting or sending the processed data to default output (monitor, file or other purposes).Du names used in the Pascal program is called with the identifier or identifier. Identifier used to name: Program, Sub-programs (procedures and functions), name: Variable, Constant, Type, Label.These names are used for consumption and callings in the program. Terms of writing the identifierIdentifier name must begin with the alphabet characters: a through z, A to Z or the character '_' (underscore - the bottom line)The next character should be numeric characters (0 .. 9) or a combination of alphanumeric (letter-numeric).The length of the name, in various versions of Pascal is generally between 32-63.Must not use special characters: + - * / | \ = <> []. ,;: () ^ @ {} $ # ~! % & `" 'And? Example:
Writing right: NamaMahasiswa, Gaji_Karyawan, PX4, etc..Writing wrong: 3X, A & B, C Z, etc..Variable is an identifier that contains data that can change its value in the program. Variable declarations are:a. Provide a variable name as the identity identifierb. Specifies data type variablesExamples of variable declarations: var X: integer;R: real;C: char;Q: boolean;The constant is an identifier that contains data whose value does not change in the program.The constant declaration is:a. Provide constant names as identifiers identityb. Determining the value of the constantsExamples of constant declarations: conts maxsize = 100; {integer}ExitC = 'Q'; {char}Words or reserved words in Pascal reserves are words that have been defined by having maksdu tertentu.Suatu Pascal Unit is a collection of constants, data types, variables, procedures and functions. Standard unit in Pascal which can be directly used is System, CRT, printer Dos and Graph. To use a unit, then we should put clausa or the Uses clause in the initial block of the program, followed by a list of units used. On this matter to be discussed is the CRT unit. This unit is used to manipulate the text screen (windowing, laying the cursor on the screen, Color in the text, the extended code of keyboard and so forth.Some Turbo Pascal statementThe statement is the command to work pascal programs. Statement lies in the declaration statement with the backup starts with the word BEGIN and end with the word END reserve. The end of each statement ends with a semicolon [;]. Statement in Pascal language statements consist of statements in the form of functions and procedures that have been provided as a standard command Turbo Pascal.
